How Does Medical Cannabis Affect Mental Health Conditions Like Anxiety and Depression?
Medical cannabis, also known as medical marijuana, has raised increasing interest over the years with claims of significant health benefits. It comprises more than 400 compounds, out of which cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are of prime interest due to their impactful interaction with the human body. This article aims to discuss in detail how medical cannabis may influence mental health conditions, particularly anxiety and depression.
Understanding Medical Cannabis
Medical cannabis refers to the use of the unprocessed marijuana plant or its extracts to alleviate symptoms of various illnesses and conditions. The cannabis plant produces a myriad of chemical compounds. Notably, the group referred to as cannabinoids, primarily THC and CBD, interact with our neural pathways and can influence several bodily functions.
Medical Cannabis & Anxiety
Many people turn to cannabis in hopes of managing anxiety symptoms. Research has suggested that cannabis, especially CBD, may have anxiolytic or anxiety-reducing effects. A study found that CBD significantly reduced anxiety during a simulated public speaking test for individuals with social anxiety disorder. However, the relationship between cannabis use and anxiety symptoms is intricate. While some users report relief, the overall evidence remains inconclusive, necessitating further investigation.
Medical Cannabis & Depression
The potential relationship between cannabis and depression is less clear. Some studies indicate a potential increase in depression risk among adolescents who use cannabis, though conclusions differ among studies. Additionally, some users report that cannabis helps them relax and relieve emotional stress, thereby potentially mitigating depressive symptoms. Yet, these findings need to be backed by more rigorous scientific validations.
How Medical Cannabis Works?
The cannabis plant's cannabinoids, such as CBD and THC, interact with certain receptors in our body’s endocannabinoid system. This system plays a significant role in regulating various functions and processes, including stress, mood, pain, and sleep. Cannabinoids in cannabis can influence these functions by interacting with this system, which may explain the potential therapeutic effects of medical cannabis on conditions like anxiety and depression.
Side Effects of Medical Cannabis
Despite potential merits, medical cannabis may also entail side effects. Common ones include drowsiness, dizziness, increased appetite, and psychoactive effects, particularly from THC-rich strains, causing euphoria or "high" feelings. More serious effects might encompass behavioural changes, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, and impact on liver function. Additionally, cannabis use, especially at high doses, is linked with a higher risk of psychosis, particularly in individuals prone to psychotic disorders like schizophrenia. Therefore, monitoring and guidance by healthcare professionals are crucial when using medical cannabis for therapeutic purposes.
